HILOmet PhyzioType System
It is estimated that 50% of the population is at risk of adverse drug reactions from metabolic deficiencies predictable by DNA typing. The HILOmet PhyzioType System for drug safety and selection developed by the Genomas Laboratory of Personalized Health, is a multi-gene DNA test combination that determines the innate drug metabolic capacity of the patient for use in personalizing drug treatments and diagnosing adverse drug reactions.
The effectiveness of phychotropics and their potential neuropsychiatric benefit and side effects are dependant on drug metabolism. For many phychotropics this metabolism is accomplished by the Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzyme system located in the liver and small intestine. Variability in the CYP system, accumulated since prehistoric times, results in strikingly different drug levels, drug effectiveness and drug safety among individuals now treated with drugs where the recommended dose is designed to treat the "average" person. With DNA-guided medicine, these CYP variances can now be measured before treatment, so that drug selection and dosing are tailored to provide safe and effective therapy for individual patients.
Clinically, the population can be divided into four broad groups according to how they are expected to react to phychotropic treatments. Functional metabolizers represent 50% of the population, which can be administered drugs following "average" dosing practices. In contrast, poor and null metabolizers represent 10% of the population and are unable to metabolize the drug, which could lead to deleterious drug accumulation and severe adverse reactions. Deficient metabolizers represent 30% of the population and also face safety risks, because drug interactions can turn them into poor metabolizers by inhibiting their metabolic enzymes. At the other extreme of the population are ultra-rapid metabolizers accounting for the upper ~10% of metabolic capacity. These individuals may require higher dosing for many medications used in mental health, or lower dosing for drugs with active metabolites.
Examples of clinically relevant drugs metabolized by CYP enzymes include ADHD drugs, antidepressants, antipsychotics, codeine and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Almost 90% of all drug metabolism results from the activity of these CYP enzymes.
The HILOmet PhyzioType System uses DNA typing of the genes coding for, CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 isoenzymes to determine innate drug metabolism capacity for each patient by the respective enzymes to optimize drug safety.
With the HILOmet PhyzioType System, doctors can identify poor, deficient, functional and ultra-rapid metabolizers ahead of time, to adjust drug dosages and increase patient monitoring.
Presentation:
"Science of Personalized Health with DNA-Guided Medical Management Systems"
Genomas Publications:
"Increased carrier prevalance of deficient CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 alleles in depressed patients referred to a tertiary psychiatric hospital"
"High Carrier Prevalence" of Deficient and Null Alleles of CYP2 Genes in a Major USA Hospital : Implications for Personalized Drug Safety."
"Somatic Complications of Psychotropic Medications in a Patient with Multiple CYP2 Drug Metabolism Deficiencies"
"Physiogenomic Analysis of CYP450 Drug Metabolism Correlates Dyslipidemia with Pharmacogenetic Functional Status in Psychiatric Patients." Biomarkers in Medicine
"Novel Drug Metabolism Indices for Pharmacogenetic Functional Status Based on Combinatory Genotyping of CYP2C9, CYP2C19 and CYP2D6 Genes." Biomarkers in Medicine
"Guidance of Pharmacotherapy in a Complex Psychiatric Case by CYP450 DNA Typing." Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
Information Brochures:
HILOmet DNA Typing System Trifold
HILOmet Brochure